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botshit

nounAlso: bot-shit

In plain wordsA blunt term for false or made-up chatbot output that people pass on and use as if it were true, especially at work.

  1. False or invented chatbot output at the point where a person relies on it unchecked, repeating it to others or acting on it. The term adapts Harry Frankfurt's account of 'bullshit' — speech produced with indifference to truth — to LLMslarge language model, n.: A computer program trained on enormous amounts of text to predict the words that come next. At vast scale, that simple skill lets it chat, answer questions, translate, summarize and write code., which generate plausible text without tracking truth, and locates the harm in the human step of relaying it. Its authors proposed managing this epistemic risk by matching use to stakes: tasks where accuracy is crucial and hard to verify call for tighter controls than low-stakes or easily checked ones. Related philosophical work argues that LLM errors are better described as bullshit than as hallucinationhallucination, n.: When an AI states something false or made up — a fake fact, quotation or source — fluently and confidently, as if it were true., since the systems are not trying to perceive or to tell the truth in the first place.

    The memo cited a regulation that doesn't exist — pure botshit, pasted straight from the chatbot.

Origin

Introduced as an analytic term by Tim Hannigan, Ian McCarthy and André Spicer in 'Beware of botshit: How to manage the epistemic risks of generative chatbots' (Business Horizons, 2024), drawing on Frankfurt's essay 'On Bullshit' (1986; book 2005). A separate paper, 'ChatGPT is bullshit', by Michael Townsen Hicks, James Humphries and Joe Slater (Ethics and Information Technology, 2024), made the Frankfurt comparison central.

Related

See also
  • hallucinationhallucination, n.: When an AI states something false or made up — a fake fact, quotation or source — fluently and confidently, as if it were true.
  • confabulationconfabulation, n.: When an AI fills a gap in its knowledge with an invented but plausible-sounding answer, much as some people with memory disorders sincerely 'remember' things that never happened.
  • AI slopAI slop, n.: Low-quality content churned out in bulk by AI — bland articles, fake-looking images, filler videos — posted to grab clicks or fill space, with little care for accuracy or value.
  • workslopworkslop, n.: AI-generated work that looks polished but does not actually get the job done, quietly passing the real effort to whoever receives it, who must then puzzle it out or start over.
  • automation biasautomation bias, n.: The habit of trusting a computer's suggestion too much: following it even when it is wrong, or missing problems because the machine did not flag them.
  • overrelianceoverreliance, n.: Leaning on an AI system more than its reliability justifies: accepting its answers without checking, or letting it make decisions it often gets wrong.

Sources

  1. Hannigan, T. R., McCarthy, I. P. & Spicer, A. (2024). Beware of botshit: How to manage the epistemic risks of generative chatbots. Business Horizons, 67(5).
  2. Hicks, M. T., Humphries, J. & Slater, J. (2024). ChatGPT is bullshit. Ethics and Information Technology, 26.

Mentioned in

AI slopAI slop, n.: Low-quality content churned out in bulk by AI — bland articles, fake-looking images, filler videos — posted to grab clicks or fill space, with little care for accuracy or value.